molecular formula C19H30D4ClNO2 B602466 Fingolimod-d4 Hydrochlorid CAS No. 1346604-90-7

Fingolimod-d4 Hydrochlorid

Katalognummer: B602466
CAS-Nummer: 1346604-90-7
Molekulargewicht: 347.96
Achtung: Nur für Forschungszwecke. Nicht für den menschlichen oder tierärztlichen Gebrauch.
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Beschreibung

Fingolimod-D4 Hydrochloride is a labelled analogue of Fingolimod. Fingolimod is an immunosuppressive agent used for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis. It is a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator preventing lymphocyte emigration to participate in the autoimmune reaction.

Wissenschaftliche Forschungsanwendungen

Quantifizierung in menschlichem Plasma

Fingolimod-d4 Hydrochlorid wird bei der Entwicklung analytischer Methoden zur Quantifizierung von Fingolimod und seinem Metaboliten Fingolimod-Phosphat im menschlichen Plasma verwendet {svg_1}. Dies ist besonders nützlich, um die interindividuellen Unterschiede in der Bioverfügbarkeit dieser Verbindungen zu bewerten und diese Unterschiede mit der Variabilität der klinischen Ansprechraten in Beziehung zu setzen {svg_2}.

Stabilitätsindizierende UPLC-Methode

this compound wird bei der Entwicklung einer stabilitätsindizierenden UPLC-Methode zur quantitativen Bestimmung von Fingolimod-Hydrochlorid und seinen verwandten Substanzen verwendet {svg_3}. Diese Methode ist nützlich für die Analyse von pharmazeutischen Wirkstoffen und pharmazeutischen Darreichungsformen {svg_4}.

Behandlung der Multiplen Sklerose

this compound wird zur Behandlung der schubförmig-remittierenden Multiplen Sklerose eingesetzt {svg_5}. Es ist ein Sphingosin-1-Phosphat-Rezeptor-Modulator, der die Anzahl der Schübe bei Patienten mit dieser Form der Multiplen Sklerose reduzieren kann {svg_6}.

Antitumoraktivität

this compound hat eine potenzielle Antitumoraktivität gezeigt {svg_7}. Es aktiviert die Proteinphosphatase 2A, was zu Antitumoreffekten führt {svg_8}. Die Entwicklung von Fingolimod-Analoga, die nicht phosphoryliert werden können, wird erforscht, um die Antitumoraktivität zu verbessern {svg_9}.

Behandlung von Psychosen

this compound wurde zur Behandlung von psychosebedingtem Verhalten verwendet {svg_10}. Es wurde gezeigt, dass es die Methamphetamin-Hypersensitivität lindert und Maßnahmen der Neuroinflammation wie Mikrogliazell-Aktivierung, Zytokinproduktion und Leukozyteninfiltration verbessert {svg_11}.

Förderung der Angiogenese

this compound wurde verwendet, um die Angiogenese zu fördern {svg_12}. Es wurde gezeigt, dass es die Osteoinduktivität maximiert und die Einarbeitung von Allotransplantaten verbessert, indem Knochenvorläuferzellen aus dem umliegenden Weichgewebe und der Mikrozirkulation rekrutiert werden {svg_13}.

Wirkmechanismus

Target of Action

Fingolimod-d4 Hydrochloride, also known as FTY720-d4 Hydrochloride, primarily targets the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) found on lymphocytes and other organs . The modulation of these receptors is crucial in managing multiple sclerosis (MS) symptoms .

Mode of Action

Fingolimod-d4 Hydrochloride acts as a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator . It is metabolized to its active form, fingolimod-phosphate, which binds to sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors 1, 3, 4, and 5 .

Biochemical Pathways

Fingolimod-d4 Hydrochloride affects several biochemical pathways. It induces metabolic reprogramming in brain regions, upregulating oxidative phosphorylation while downregulating glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway . It also modulates neuroinflammation by upregulating retrograde endocannabinoid signaling and autophagy pathways, and downregulating neuroinflammation-related pathways including neutrophil degranulation and the IL-12 mediated signaling pathway .

Pharmacokinetics

It’s known that the compound is given orally . More research is needed to fully understand the ADME properties of Fingolimod-d4 Hydrochloride and their impact on bioavailability.

Result of Action

The molecular and cellular effects of Fingolimod-d4 Hydrochloride’s action are profound. It reduces the number of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, which is believed to be effective in treating MS due to the reduced lymphocytes into the CNS . It also induces numerous biological effects, including endothelial cell-cell adhesion, angiogenesis, vascular integrity, and cardiovascular function .

Action Environment

The action environment of Fingolimod-d4 Hydrochloride is primarily within the immune system and the CNS . The interaction with s1p receptors in various tissues accounts for the reported adverse effects

Biochemische Analyse

Biochemical Properties

Fingolimod-d4 Hydrochloride interacts with sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) to bring about an array of pharmacological effects . It exerts inhibitory effects on sphingolipid pathway enzymes, inhibits histone deacetylases, transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 7 (TRMP7), cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α), reduces lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) plasma levels, and activates protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) .

Cellular Effects

Fingolimod-d4 Hydrochloride has profound effects on various types of cells and cellular processes. It can profoundly reduce T-cell numbers in circulation and the CNS, thereby suppressing inflammation and MS . It also induces apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle arrest, epigenetic regulations, macrophages M1/M2 shift and enhances BDNF expression .

Molecular Mechanism

Fingolimod-d4 Hydrochloride exerts its effects at the molecular level through several mechanisms. It binds to S1P receptor4 (S1PR4) that is primarily expressed in lymphocytes and hematopoietic tissues . It can induce apoptotic pathways by activation of caspase cascades, enhancing PTEN which inhibits pAkt, and inducing (ROS-JNK-p53) loop-dependent autophagy .

Temporal Effects in Laboratory Settings

It has been shown that the drug has a significant therapeutic effect in immunodeficient mice, not in immunocompetent mice .

Dosage Effects in Animal Models

In an animal model of genetic absence epilepsy, Fingolimod (1 mg/kg) showed transient antiepileptic effects and longer-lasting anti-cognition decline . During the chronic epileptic phase of the mouse kainate model, 6 mg/kg of the drug also showed neuroprotective and anti-gliotic effects besides reducing seizure frequency .

Metabolic Pathways

Fingolimod-d4 Hydrochloride is involved in the sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) pathway . It is phosphorylated to Fingolimod-phosphate by two protein kinases, type-1 and type-2 sphingosine kinase (SphK1 and -2), enabling it to interact with sphingosine receptors .

Transport and Distribution

It is known that Fingolimod binds to S1P receptor4 (S1PR4) that is primarily expressed in lymphocytes and hematopoietic tissues .

Subcellular Localization

It is known that Fingolimod activates PP2A that plays a principal role as a regulator of cell cycle/division and growth .

Eigenschaften

IUPAC Name

2-amino-1,1,3,3-tetradeuterio-2-[2-(4-octylphenyl)ethyl]propane-1,3-diol;hydrochloride
Source PubChem
URL https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Description Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

InChI

InChI=1S/C19H33NO2.ClH/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-17-9-11-18(12-10-17)13-14-19(20,15-21)16-22;/h9-12,21-22H,2-8,13-16,20H2,1H3;1H/i15D2,16D2;
Source PubChem
URL https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Description Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

InChI Key

SWZTYAVBMYWFGS-JWIOGAFXSA-N
Source PubChem
URL https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Description Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

Canonical SMILES

CCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(C=C1)CCC(CO)(CO)N.Cl
Source PubChem
URL https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Description Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

Isomeric SMILES

[2H]C([2H])(C(CCC1=CC=C(C=C1)CCCCCCCC)(C([2H])([2H])O)N)O.Cl
Source PubChem
URL https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Description Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

Molecular Formula

C19H34ClNO2
Source PubChem
URL https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Description Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

Molecular Weight

348.0 g/mol
Source PubChem
URL https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Description Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

Synthesis routes and methods I

Procedure details

2-Amino-2-[2-(4-octylphenyl)ethyl]-1,3-propanediol (7 g) was dissolved in ethanol (50 ml) and a 1 N hydrochloric acid/ether solution (50 ml) was added thereto. The solvent was distilled away and the resultant crystals were recrystallized from ethanol to give 4.2 g of the subject compound.
Quantity
7 g
Type
reactant
Reaction Step One
Quantity
50 mL
Type
solvent
Reaction Step One
Name
hydrochloric acid ether
Quantity
50 mL
Type
reactant
Reaction Step Two

Synthesis routes and methods II

Procedure details

To 14.1 g (0.04 mol) of 3-(hydroxymethyl)-3-nitro-1-(p-octylphenyl)butane-1,4-diol in 250 ml of methyl alcohol, 30 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid was added, followed by the catalyst—10% palladium-carbon. The mixture was stirred at 20 kg/cm2 hydrogen pressure for two days at room temperature. The mixture was then filtered, methyl alcohol was distilled off, the residue was dissolved in water, adjusted to pH 8 with saturated sodium bicarbonate, and extracted with ethyl acetate (100 ml×3). The ethyl acetate extracts were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, evaporated. The residue was dissolved in ethanol (50 ml) and a 1N hydrochloric acid (50 ml) was added thereto. The mixture was stirred for 1 h, the solvent was distilled off and the resultant solid were recrystallized from ethanol to give Fingolimod hydrochloride.
Quantity
14.1 g
Type
reactant
Reaction Step One
Quantity
30 mL
Type
reactant
Reaction Step One
Quantity
250 mL
Type
solvent
Reaction Step One
Quantity
0 (± 1) mol
Type
reactant
Reaction Step Two
Name
palladium-carbon
Quantity
0 (± 1) mol
Type
catalyst
Reaction Step Three

Retrosynthesis Analysis

AI-Powered Synthesis Planning: Our tool employs the Template_relevance Pistachio, Template_relevance Bkms_metabolic, Template_relevance Pistachio_ringbreaker, Template_relevance Reaxys, Template_relevance Reaxys_biocatalysis model, leveraging a vast database of chemical reactions to predict feasible synthetic routes.

One-Step Synthesis Focus: Specifically designed for one-step synthesis, it provides concise and direct routes for your target compounds, streamlining the synthesis process.

Accurate Predictions: Utilizing the extensive PISTACHIO, BKMS_METABOLIC, PISTACHIO_RINGBREAKER, REAXYS, REAXYS_BIOCATALYSIS database, our tool offers high-accuracy predictions, reflecting the latest in chemical research and data.

Strategy Settings

Precursor scoring Relevance Heuristic
Min. plausibility 0.01
Model Template_relevance
Template Set Pistachio/Bkms_metabolic/Pistachio_ringbreaker/Reaxys/Reaxys_biocatalysis
Top-N result to add to graph 6

Feasible Synthetic Routes

Reactant of Route 1
FTY720-d4 Hydrochloride
Reactant of Route 2
FTY720-d4 Hydrochloride
Reactant of Route 3
FTY720-d4 Hydrochloride
Reactant of Route 4
FTY720-d4 Hydrochloride
Reactant of Route 5
FTY720-d4 Hydrochloride
Reactant of Route 6
FTY720-d4 Hydrochloride

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