molecular formula C10H16N6S B194882 Cimetidine CAS No. 51481-61-9

Cimetidine

カタログ番号: B194882
CAS番号: 51481-61-9
分子量: 252.34 g/mol
InChIキー: AQIXAKUUQRKLND-UHFFFAOYSA-N
注意: 研究専用です。人間または獣医用ではありません。
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生化学分析

Biochemical Properties

Cimetidine acts as a specific competitive histamine H2-receptor antagonist . It interacts with histamine H2-receptors, blocking their function . This interaction plays a crucial role in its biochemical properties.

Cellular Effects

This compound has a potent inhibitory effect on histamine-stimulated gastric acid secretion in rats and dogs . It influences cell function by blocking histamine H2-receptors in the gastric mucosa, thereby inhibiting gastric acid secretion .

Molecular Mechanism

The molecular mechanism of this compound involves its binding to histamine H2-receptors, acting as a competitive antagonist . This binding inhibits the function of these receptors, leading to a decrease in gastric acid secretion .

Temporal Effects in Laboratory Settings

In laboratory settings, this compound shows consistent inhibitory effects on histamine-stimulated gastric acid secretion over time . Its stability and long-term effects on cellular function have been observed in in vitro and in vivo studies .

Dosage Effects in Animal Models

The effects of this compound vary with different dosages in animal models . At therapeutic doses, it effectively inhibits gastric acid secretion, while at high doses, no additional therapeutic effects have been observed .

Metabolic Pathways

This compound is involved in metabolic pathways related to the histamine H2-receptor . It interacts with this receptor, influencing the metabolic flux of gastric acid secretion .

Transport and Distribution

This compound is distributed within cells and tissues via systemic circulation . It is transported to the gastric mucosa where it interacts with histamine H2-receptors .

Subcellular Localization

The subcellular localization of this compound is primarily at the cell membrane where histamine H2-receptors are located . Its activity is directed towards these receptors, inhibiting their function and thereby reducing gastric acid secretion .

特性

IUPAC Name

1-cyano-2-methyl-3-[2-[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methylsulfanyl]ethyl]guanidine
Source PubChem
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InChI

InChI=1S/C10H16N6S/c1-8-9(16-7-15-8)5-17-4-3-13-10(12-2)14-6-11/h7H,3-5H2,1-2H3,(H,15,16)(H2,12,13,14)
Source PubChem
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InChI Key

AQIXAKUUQRKLND-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Source PubChem
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Description Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

Canonical SMILES

CC1=C(N=CN1)CSCCNC(=NC)NC#N
Source PubChem
URL https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Description Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

Molecular Formula

C10H16N6S
Record name CIMETIDINE
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DSSTOX Substance ID

DTXSID4020329
Record name Cimetidine
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Molecular Weight

252.34 g/mol
Source PubChem
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Physical Description

Cimetidine appears as white crystals with a slight sulfur-mercaptan odor. (NTP, 1992), Solid
Record name CIMETIDINE
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Solubility

5 mg/mL at 68 °F (NTP, 1992), IN WATER AT 37 °C: 1.14%; SOLUBILITY INCR BY DIL HYDROCHLORIC ACID, Soluble in alcohol, 8.16e-01 g/L
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Mechanism of Action

Cimetidine binds to an H2-receptor located on the basolateral membrane of the gastric parietal cell, blocking histamine effects. This competitive inhibition results in reduced gastric acid secretion and a reduction in gastric volume and acidity., H2 antagonists inhibit gastric acid secretion elicited by histamine & other H2 agonists in a dose-dependent, competitive manner; the degree of inhibition parallels the concentration of the drug in plasma over a wide range. The H2 antagonists also inhibit acid secretion elicited by gastrin &, to a lesser extent, by muscarinic agonists. Importantly, these drugs inhibit basal (fasting) & nocturnal acid secretion & that stimulated by food, sham feeding, fundic distention, & various pharmacological agents; this property reflects the vital role of histamine in mediating the effects of diverse stimuli. The H2 antagonists reduce both the volume of gastric juice secreted & its H+ concentration. The output of pepsin, which is secreted by the chief cells of gastric glands (mainly under cholinergic control), generally falls in parallel with the reduction in volume of gastric juice. /H2 antagonists/, Cimetidine blocks H2-receptors, which in part are responsible for the inflammatory response, in the cutaneous blood vessels of humans., The effects of cimetidine, omeprazole and atropine sulfate on the healing of acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers in rats with limited food intake time (9:00-10:00 am and 5:00-6:00 pm) were evaluated 15 days after the acid injection. Oral repeated admin of cimetidine (25-100 mg/kg twice daily) or omeprazole (10-50 mg/kg once daily) dose dependently accelerated ulcer healing. ... A single oral admin of omeprazole (50 mg/kg) or cimetidine (100 mg/kg) resulted in potent and long-lasting anti-acid secretory and gastrin-releasing actions. The degree and duration of anti-acid secretion by atropine sulfate were equal to those of cimetidine, but the elevation of gastrin release by atropine sulfate was weak and temporary. These results indicate that the gastric ulcers of rats with a limited food intake time are useful for evaluating the healing effects of cimetidine and omeprazole on gastric ulcers. In addition, the effects of both drugs may be related to the incr gastrin release rather than to the reduced acid secretion., Both KB-5492, a new anti-ulcer agent, and cimetidine, admin po at 25-200 mg/kg, dose-dependently prevented cysteamine (400 mg/kg, sc)-induced duodenal ulcers in rats with ED50 values of 63 and 40 mg/kg, respectively. Anti-ulcer doses of cimetidine, but not KB-5492, inhibited gastric acid hypersecretion induced by cysteamine (400 mg/kg, sc). In contrast, anti-ulcer doses of KB-5492, but not cimetidine, incr duodenal HC03- secretion in normal anesthetized rats. These findings suggest that KB-5492 prevents cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcers by stimulating duodenal HC03- secretion, whereas cimetidine does so by inhibiting cysteamine-induced gastric acid hypersecretion.
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Color/Form

Crystals

CAS No.

51481-61-9
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Melting Point

284 to 290 °F (NTP, 1992), 141-143 °C, 142 °C
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Retrosynthesis Analysis

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Strategy Settings

Precursor scoring Relevance Heuristic
Min. plausibility 0.01
Model Template_relevance
Template Set Pistachio/Bkms_metabolic/Pistachio_ringbreaker/Reaxys/Reaxys_biocatalysis
Top-N result to add to graph 6

Feasible Synthetic Routes

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