IUPAC Name	1-cyclohexyl-1-phenyl-3-piperidin-1-ylpropan-1-ol	Source
Source	PubChem
URL	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Description	Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

InChI	InChI=1S/C20H31NO/c22-20(18-10-4-1-5-11-18,19-12-6-2-7-13-19)14-17-21-15-8-3-9-16-21/h1,4-5,10-11,19,22H,2-3,6-9,12-17H2	Source
Source	PubChem
URL	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Description	Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

InChI Key	HWHLPVGTWGOCJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N	Source
Source	PubChem
URL	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Description	Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

Canonical SMILES	C1CCC(CC1)C(CCN2CCCCC2)(C3=CC=CC=C3)O	Source
Source	PubChem
URL	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Description	Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

Molecular Formula	C20H31NO	Source
Source	PubChem
URL	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Description	Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

Related CAS	52-49-3 (hydrochloride)	Source
Record name	Trihexyphenidyl [INN:BAN]
Source	ChemIDplus
URL	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance/?source=chemidplus&sourceid=0000144116
Description	ChemIDplus is a free, web search system that provides access to the structure and nomenclature authority files used for the identification of chemical substances cited in National Library of Medicine (NLM) databases, including the TOXNET system.

DSSTOX Substance ID	DTXSID4023705	Source
Record name	Trihexyphenidyl
Source	EPA DSSTox
URL	https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/DTXSID4023705
Description	DSSTox provides a high quality public chemistry resource for supporting improved predictive toxicology.

Molecular Weight	301.5 g/mol	Source
Source	PubChem
URL	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Description	Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

Physical Description	Solid	Source
Record name	Trihexyphenidyl
Source	Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
URL	http://www.hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0014520
Description	The Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) is a freely available electronic database containing detailed information about small molecule metabolites found in the human body.
Explanation	HMDB is offered to the public as a freely available resource. Use and re-distribution of the data, in whole or in part, for commercial purposes requires explicit permission of the authors and explicit acknowledgment of the source material (HMDB) and the original publication (see the HMDB citing page). We ask that users who download significant portions of the database cite the HMDB paper in any resulting publications.

Solubility	Crystals; decomp at 258.5 °C; pH of 1% aq soln 5.5-6.0; solubility (g/100 mL): water at 25 °C 1.0, alcohol 6, chloroform 5; more soluble in methanol; very slightly soluble in ether, benzene /Hydrochloride/, 3.14e-03 g/L	Source
Record name	TRIHEXYPHENIDYL
Source	Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
URL	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/source/hsdb/3196
Description	The Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) is a toxicology database that focuses on the toxicology of potentially hazardous chemicals. It provides information on human exposure, industrial hygiene, emergency handling procedures, environmental fate, regulatory requirements, nanomaterials, and related areas. The information in HSDB has been assessed by a Scientific Review Panel.

Record name	Trihexyphenidyl
Source	Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
URL	http://www.hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0014520
Description	The Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) is a freely available electronic database containing detailed information about small molecule metabolites found in the human body.
Explanation	HMDB is offered to the public as a freely available resource. Use and re-distribution of the data, in whole or in part, for commercial purposes requires explicit permission of the authors and explicit acknowledgment of the source material (HMDB) and the original publication (see the HMDB citing page). We ask that users who download significant portions of the database cite the HMDB paper in any resulting publications.

Mechanism of Action	Trihexyphenidyl is a non-selective muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist but binds with higher affinity to the M1 subtype. In vivo studies have shown that trihexyphenidyl demonstrates higher affinity for central muscarinic receptors located in the cerebral cortex and lower affinity for those located peripherally. Other studies suggest that trihexyphenidyl may modify nicotinic acetylcholine receptor neurotransmission, leading indirectly to enhanced dopamine release in the striatum. Although the anticholinergic has proven to be useful in the treatment of symptoms associated with Parkinson’s disease or other movement disorders, its mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated., Cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism were studied in six previously untreated patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) before and after anticholinergic treatment using positron emission tomography (PET) and compared with six controls. The PET study and an assessment of the disability and cognitive impairment were performed before and after administration of 6 mg trihexyphenidyl for 5 to 11 weeks. All PD patients showed improvements in motor symptoms after the trihexyphenidyl treatment. Cognitive function did not significantly differ between before and after trihexyphenidyl treatment. However, after trihexyphenidyl treatment, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and regional oxygen metabolic rate (rCMRO2) decreased by 15% in the striatum and by 10% in all cortical areas contralateral to predominantly symptomatic limbs, and by 10% in the ipsilateral striatum and all cortical areas, significantly below the values of controls in most cerebral cortices and striatum. These findings suggest that trihexyphenidyl inhibits the cortical cholinergic system and significantly decreases rCBF and rCMRO2 in the cerebral cortices without cognitive impairment in untreated patients with PD., In common with other antimuscarinic agents, trihexyphenidyl produces an atropine-like blocking action on parasympathetic-innervated peripheral structures, including smooth muscle. In addition, trihexyphenidyl exhibits a direct spasmolytic action on smooth muscle and exhibits weak mydriatic, antisialagogue, and cardiovagal blocking effects. The exact mechanism of action of trihexyphenidyl in parkinsonian syndrome is not understood but may result from blockade of efferent impulses and from central inhibition of cerebral motor centers. In small doses, trihexyphenidyl depresses the CNS but larger doses cause cerebral excitement resembling the signs of atropine toxicity., In vivo microdialysis was used to study the effect of the non-selective muscarinic antagonist, trihexyphenidyl, on the decarboxylation of levodopa (L-dopa) in the striatum of hemi-Parkinson rats. In normal rats, continuous perfusion of trihexyphenidyl (1 mM) via the microdialysis probe induced a significant increase in striatal dopamine release, followed by a decrease to below baseline values. A similar effect was observed, though less pronounced, in denervated striatum of rats with a unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesion of the nigrostriatal pathway. In these hemi-Parkinson rats, continuous striatal perfusion of trihexyphenidyl had no effect on the biotransformation of locally applied L-dopa (2 uM for 20 min) to dopamine in either intact or denervated striatum. However, systemic administration of trihexyphenidyl (1.5 mg/kg ip) produced an attenuation of the L- dopa-induced dopamine release in the intact striatum (contralateral to the lesion) of hemi-Parkinson rats. This effect was absent in the denervated striatum of these animals. We confirmed that L-dopa induces an increase in striatal dopamine output which is influenced by the severity of the dopaminergic denervation. The absence of an effect of trihexyphenidyl locally applied in the striatum, on biotransformation of L-dopa suggests that the site of action of antimuscarinic drugs may not be in the striatum and, therefore, remains unclear.	Source
Record name	Trihexyphenidyl
Source	DrugBank
URL	https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00376
Description	The DrugBank database is a unique bioinformatics and cheminformatics resource that combines detailed drug (i.e. chemical, pharmacological and pharmaceutical) data with comprehensive drug target (i.e. sequence, structure, and pathway) information.
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Record name	TRIHEXYPHENIDYL
Source	Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
URL	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/source/hsdb/3196
Description	The Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) is a toxicology database that focuses on the toxicology of potentially hazardous chemicals. It provides information on human exposure, industrial hygiene, emergency handling procedures, environmental fate, regulatory requirements, nanomaterials, and related areas. The information in HSDB has been assessed by a Scientific Review Panel.

Impurities	1-phenyl-3-(piperidine-1-yl)propan-1-one	Source
Record name	TRIHEXYPHENIDYL
Source	Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
URL	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/source/hsdb/3196
Description	The Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) is a toxicology database that focuses on the toxicology of potentially hazardous chemicals. It provides information on human exposure, industrial hygiene, emergency handling procedures, environmental fate, regulatory requirements, nanomaterials, and related areas. The information in HSDB has been assessed by a Scientific Review Panel.

CAS No.	144-11-6	Source
Record name	(±)-Trihexyphenidyl
Source	CAS Common Chemistry
URL	https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=144-11-6
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Record name	Trihexyphenidyl [INN:BAN]
Source	ChemIDplus
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Record name	Trihexyphenidyl
Source	DrugBank
URL	https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00376
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Record name	trihexyphenidyl
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Record name	Trihexyphenidyl
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Record name	Trihexyphenidyl
Source	European Chemicals Agency (ECHA)
URL	https://echa.europa.eu/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.005.105
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Record name	TRIHEXYPHENIDYL
Source	FDA Global Substance Registration System (GSRS)
URL	https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/beta/substances/6RC5V8B7PO
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Record name	TRIHEXYPHENIDYL
Source	Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
URL	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/source/hsdb/3196
Description	The Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) is a toxicology database that focuses on the toxicology of potentially hazardous chemicals. It provides information on human exposure, industrial hygiene, emergency handling procedures, environmental fate, regulatory requirements, nanomaterials, and related areas. The information in HSDB has been assessed by a Scientific Review Panel.

Record name	Trihexyphenidyl
Source	Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
URL	http://www.hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0014520
Description	The Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) is a freely available electronic database containing detailed information about small molecule metabolites found in the human body.
Explanation	HMDB is offered to the public as a freely available resource. Use and re-distribution of the data, in whole or in part, for commercial purposes requires explicit permission of the authors and explicit acknowledgment of the source material (HMDB) and the original publication (see the HMDB citing page). We ask that users who download significant portions of the database cite the HMDB paper in any resulting publications.

Melting Point	114 °C, 258.5 °C	Source
Record name	Trihexyphenidyl
Source	DrugBank
URL	https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00376
Description	The DrugBank database is a unique bioinformatics and cheminformatics resource that combines detailed drug (i.e. chemical, pharmacological and pharmaceutical) data with comprehensive drug target (i.e. sequence, structure, and pathway) information.
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Record name	TRIHEXYPHENIDYL
Source	Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
URL	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/source/hsdb/3196
Description	The Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB) is a toxicology database that focuses on the toxicology of potentially hazardous chemicals. It provides information on human exposure, industrial hygiene, emergency handling procedures, environmental fate, regulatory requirements, nanomaterials, and related areas. The information in HSDB has been assessed by a Scientific Review Panel.

Record name	Trihexyphenidyl
Source	Human Metabolome Database (HMDB)
URL	http://www.hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0014520
Description	The Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) is a freely available electronic database containing detailed information about small molecule metabolites found in the human body.
Explanation	HMDB is offered to the public as a freely available resource. Use and re-distribution of the data, in whole or in part, for commercial purposes requires explicit permission of the authors and explicit acknowledgment of the source material (HMDB) and the original publication (see the HMDB citing page). We ask that users who download significant portions of the database cite the HMDB paper in any resulting publications.

Retrosynthesis Analysis

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Precursor scoring	Relevance Heuristic
Min. plausibility	0.01
Model	Template_relevance
Template Set	Pistachio/Bkms_metabolic/Pistachio_ringbreaker/Reaxys/Reaxys_biocatalysis
Top-N result to add to graph	6

Feasible Synthetic Routes

Reactant of Route 1

Trihexyphenidyl

Reactant of Route 2

Trihexyphenidyl

Reactant of Route 3

Trihexyphenidyl

Reactant of Route 4

Trihexyphenidyl

Reactant of Route 5

Trihexyphenidyl

Reactant of Route 6

Trihexyphenidyl

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